pulmonic stenosis การใช้

• Both stenosis of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary valve stenosis are causes of pulmonic stenosis.
• Pulmonic stenosis is usually due to isolated valvular obstruction ( pulmonary valve stenosis ), but it may be due to infundibular stenosis.
• Pulmonary, or pulmonic stenosis is an often congenital narrowing of the pulmonary valve; it can be present in nasodigitoacoustic-affected infants.
• This is believed the first publication which dealt with the normal cardiac structure and the changes seen in ventricular septal defect and pulmonic stenosis ( Doby, 1976 ).
• Newton was born with several congenital heart defects, including a ventricular septal defect, an atrial septal defect, transposition of the great vessels, and pulmonic stenosis.
• Other cardiac anomalies include mitral valve regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse, bicuspid pulmonary valve, hypoplastic transverse aortic arch, tricuspid valve regurgitation, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonic stenosis.
• Right-sided heart failure is often caused by pulmonary heart disease ( cor pulmonale ), which is usually caused by difficulties of the pulmonary circulation, such as pulmonary hypertension or pulmonic stenosis.
• Chihuahuas are also prone to some heart-related disorders, such as heart murmurs and pulmonic stenosis, a condition in which the blood outflow from the heart's right ventricle is obstructed at the pulmonic valve.
• "' Pulmonary heart disease "', also known as "'cor pulmonale "'is the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased vascular resistance ( such as from pulmonic stenosis ) or high blood pressure in the lungs.